Tag: Self-Preferencing

Gatekeepers may seek to maximize revenues by replacing any unbiased, purely relevance-based intermediation of business users with a biased, payment-based intermediation. To this end,...

By Thomas Hoppner (Technical University Wildau) On 27 July 2017, the European Commission adopted a decision finding that, between January 2008 and 27 July 2017,...

Following Google Shopping, competition authorities in Europe – supported by a flurry of reports on digital competition – have wasted little time establishing self-preferencing...

Hybrid differentiation occurs when a platform discriminates among businesses in a related market in which it is not active itself with the aim to...

The growth of digital platforms has focused the minds of policymakers and competition authorities across the world on whether stricter enforcement is required against...

In recent times, self-preferencing by digital platforms has come to the fore. While it is normal for companies to promote their own products over...

While the debate on self-preferencing as a possible abuse of dominance under EU law is ongoing, various expert reports on antitrust enforcement in the...

Due to their global economic significance and their attitude to concentrating economic power, digital platforms have triggered an unprecedented competition policy debate, fragmented and...

Prohibiting self-preferencing should remain the exception. Under current law, the non-discrimination rule in Article 102(c) TFEU is arguably only applicable to self-preferencing in cases...